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Inventory | Subsidy Policies for Multi‑Storey Parking Construction Across China (Part 1)
Release date:
2019-06-28 09:08
Source:
Parking Technology Network
Shenzhen
Streamline procedures, provide subsidies and incentives to enterprises, and mobilize social investment to build parking facilities.
As one of the first batch of pilot and demonstration cities nationwide in advancing urban parking‑lot development, Shenzhen has consistently been at the forefront of the country in encouraging such infrastructure projects.
In October 2017, seven departments—the Shenzhen Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Finance Bureau, the Planning and Land Resources Commission, the Market Supervision Administration, the Transportation Commission, the Housing and Urban–Rural Development Bureau, and the Public Security Traffic Police—jointly issued the “Implementation Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of Parking Facilities in Shenzhen.” The document clarifies the market‑entry mechanism for social capital, stipulating that public parking projects and mechanical parking facilities for public transport under municipal-level planning shall prioritize the PPP model and be publicly promoted. For public parking projects at the district level, each district (including new areas) may, based on local conditions, adopt the PPP model to foster cooperation between social capital and the government.
To accelerate the development of parking infrastructure in Shenzhen, encourage private-sector participation, promote the industrialization of the parking sector, and gradually alleviate parking shortages, the city’s districts have, in accordance with the requirements of the Implementation Opinions and their respective local conditions, drafted corresponding policies.
On August 7, 2018, the Development and Finance Bureau of Guangming New District drafted the “Detailed Rules for Implementing Investment Subsidies for Parking Facilities Constructed with Social Capital in Guangming New District (Trial) (Draft for Comments).” The draft specifies the following subsidy standards for mechanical parking facilities: for lift‑and‑slide and simple lift types, a subsidy of RMB 8,000 per parking space; for horizontal‑circulation and multi‑level‑circulation types, RMB 18,000 per space; and for flat‑move, lane‑stacking, vertical‑lift, and vertical‑circulation types, RMB 20,000 per space. For other types, subsidies are provided at 40% of the equipment procurement cost.
On November 28, 2018, the Development and Reform Bureau of Bao’an District, Shenzhen, drafted the “Detailed Rules on Rewards for Social Capital Investment in the Construction of Mechanical Multi‑Storey Parking Garages in Bao’an District” (Draft for Public Comment). Article 9 stipulates that parking facilities determined to meet the eligibility criteria shall receive rewards based on their type and the number of parking spaces. The specific reward standards are set out in the table below:
Detailed Table of Financial Incentives for Mechanical Multi‑Storey Parking Facilities
Source: Detailed Rules for Rewarding Social Capital Investment in the Construction of Mechanical Multi‑Storey Parking Garages in Bao’an District (Draft for Public Comment)
On February 14, 2019, the Futian District Development and Reform Bureau took the lead in drafting the “Detailed Rules for Implementing Investment Subsidies for Parking Facilities Constructed with Social Capital in Futian District (Draft for Public Comment).” Article 8 stipulates that parking facilities determined to meet the eligibility criteria shall receive incentives based on facility type and the number of parking spaces. The subsidy rates are set out in the table below; the total subsidy for any single project shall not exceed RMB 5 million, nor exceed 40% of the enterprise’s actual investment in infrastructure and equipment.
Detailed Table of Financial Incentives for Social Investment in Parking Facility Construction
Source: Implementation Rules for Investment Subsidies on Parking Facility Construction by Social Capital in Futian District (Draft for Public Comment)
Beijing
Encourage social capital to invest in the construction of parking facilities, with funding subsidies for key projects increased by up to 30%.
The Beijing Municipal Development and Reform Commission has issued the “Notice on Issuing Opinions to Encourage Social Capital to Participate in the Construction of Motor Vehicle Parking Facilities.” Under a public–private partnership (PPP) model—where the government provides land and the market provides funding—this policy seeks to attract social investors to develop public‑benefit parking facilities. When projected returns fall short of the agreed‑upon level, district and county governments will provide support. Meanwhile, the municipal government will prioritize funding for public‑benefit parking projects in central urban areas, including tertiary hospitals, administrative clusters, and World Cultural Heritage sites, with subsidy amounts not exceeding 30% of the project’s total investment.
The Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport has spearheaded the issuance of the “Opinions on Encouraging the Development of Multi‑Level Parking Facilities in Aging Residential Areas,” under which a subsidy of RMB 5,000 per space is provided for multi‑level parking spots.
Xi'an
2,000–20,000 per parking space
1. Public Parking Lot
For multi‑storey parking garages, subsidies are provided at the following rates: RMB 20,000 per parking space in Category I areas, RMB 15,000 per parking space in Category II areas, and RMB 10,000 per parking space in Category III areas. For tower‑type automated parking systems, subsidies are RMB 7,000 per space in Category I areas, RMB 5,000 per space in Category II areas, and RMB 3,000 per space in Category III areas. For lift‑and‑slide automated parking systems, subsidies are RMB 4,000 per space in Category I areas, RMB 3,000 per space in Category II areas, and RMB 2,000 per space in Category III areas. Underground parking facilities are uniformly eligible for a subsidy of RMB 20,000 per parking space. For surface‑level parking lots that have been completed and in operation for at least two years, a subsidy of RMB 300 per parking space is granted; for those in operation for more than six months but less than two years, they are treated as temporary parking facilities, with a one‑time subsidy of RMB 100 per parking space paid upon termination of operations.
2. On-site Parking Facilities
For parking spaces in ancillary parking facilities that exceed the prescribed quota and are open to the public, subsidies shall be granted at the following rates: RMB 2,000 per space in Zone I, RMB 1,500 per space in Zone II, and RMB 1,000 per space in Zone III.
3. The entity has constructed a multi‑storey parking facility on its own land and made it available to the public.
Zhengzhou
Public parking facility construction incentive policies have been introduced, with subsidies of up to RMB 22,000 per space, ranging from RMB 5,500 to RMB 22,000 per parking spot.
In principle, the subsidy and reward standards shall not exceed 25% of the total construction and installation costs, with the funding shared equally—50% by each of the municipal and district-level finances. Specifically:
1. Underground Parking Garage
For independently constructed underground public parking facilities, a subsidy of RMB 22,000 per parking space is provided. For attached underground multi‑level mechanical public parking facilities, a subsidy of RMB 20,000 per parking space is provided.
2. Above-ground multi-level parking garage
A subsidy of RMB 14,000 is provided for each parking space in a multi‑storey parking structure. For lift‑and‑slide mechanical parking systems, the subsidy is RMB 5,500 per space; for vertical‑lift mechanical parking systems, it is RMB 8,700 per space. Units and residential communities are encouraged to construct new, publicly accessible, multi‑level parking facilities on their own land; upon completion of the requisite procedures, a subsidy of RMB 5,500 per space will be granted.
Hangzhou
Private capital is encouraged to build parking facilities, with subsidies of up to RMB 30,000 per parking space.
Social capital investment in parking‑lot construction will receive subsidies based on location, type, and other factors, with a maximum subsidy of RMB 30,000 per parking space. The newly introduced policy also stipulates that public parking facilities with 200 or more spaces may include certain commercial amenities and, in accordance with regulations, designate advertising spaces.
New exemptions and reductions have been introduced for urban infrastructure配套 fees, temporary road‑occupation fees, and other regulatory charges. A special fund for the development of public parking facilities has also been established, with project‑based subsidies to bolster the growth of the public parking sector. Furthermore, it has been clarified that public parking projects may obtain full‑property ownership and be subject to transfer and mortgage, thereby enabling these projects to realize greater rights and benefits while safeguarding their public‑parking purpose.
Hangzhou City encourages social entities to invest in the construction of parking lots and garages.
Measures for Financial Subsidies (Trial)
Guangzhou (Yuexiu District)
A maximum reward of RMB 1 million will be granted for newly constructed parking spaces.
In the building‑based economy sector, for commercially zoned buildings that have obtained approval to install new parking facilities, a one-time reward of RMB 3,000 will be granted for each additional parking space, with a maximum reward of RMB 1 million.
For the renovation of aging buildings, projects with a total investment exceeding RMB 300,000 will receive a reward equal to 10% of the actual settled amount, with an annual cap of RMB 1 million.
For commercial office buildings and headquarters enterprises that renew their leases for three years or more, building owners or operating entities may receive a reward of RMB 50,000, with a maximum annual incentive of RMB 1 million.
Chongqing
Encouraging the construction of public parking lots through a “reward-for-subsidy” scheme, with subsidies ranging from RMB 5,000 to RMB 16,200 per parking space.
Category I areas comprise Yuzhong District and major commercial districts; Category II areas include all zones within the Inner Ring Road except those in Category I; and Category III areas encompass all areas outside the Inner Ring Road.
The subsidy standards are divided into two categories: above-ground and underground. For above-ground, multi‑storey ramp‑type parking structures, the subsidies per parking space are RMB 16,200, RMB 13,500, and RMB 9,000 for Zones I, II, and III, respectively. For mechanical parking garages—vertical lift type and aisle‑stacking type—the subsidies per parking space are RMB 14,400, RMB 12,000, and RMB 8,000, respectively; for the lift‑and‑translate type, the subsidies are RMB 9,000, RMB 7,500, and RMB 5,000, respectively.
For underground projects, regardless of location, a subsidy of RMB 24,000 per parking space is provided for ramp‑type parking facilities, and RMB 18,000 per space for attached mechanical parking garages. If a project includes two or more types of parking facilities, subsidies shall be granted separately according to the respective subsidy rates applicable to each type.
The application period for subsidy funds is June–July each year, and the review period is July–August. The urban‑rural construction administrative authorities of the main urban area, in coordination with the finance department, jointly submit applications to the Municipal Urban‑Rural Construction Commission and the Municipal Finance Bureau. The municipal finance and urban‑rural construction departments, together with the planning, land resources, and municipal administration departments, conduct a joint review.
Qingdao
A series of preferential measures have been introduced to encourage the development of public parking facilities, with subsidies of up to 25%.
In principle, public parking facilities constructed with investment from social entities shall receive financial subsidies not exceeding 25% of their construction and installation costs (excluding land-use expenses). Any shortfall shall be covered by district- or city-level fiscal funds through alternative funding sources. Additionally, the municipal finance may provide discretionary incentive and subsidy funds based on the progress of public parking facility construction.
When social entities invest in the construction of a new standalone above-ground public parking structure or underground public parking garage that meets a specified minimum number of parking spaces, they may be allocated commercial space ranging from 10% to 30% of the total floor area.
At the same time, streamline the approval procedures for the planning, construction, and operation of public parking facilities, and place the development of public parking lots and ancillary business projects under an expedited review process.
It also encourages the adoption of the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model to attract private investment in the development and construction of public parking facilities. Enterprises, institutions, and individuals may, in accordance with the law, utilize their own land—such as vacant lots, factory buildings, and warehouses—within the red-line boundaries to build public parking facilities.
Wanning, Hainan
A one-time subsidy will be provided for above-ground multi‑level parking facilities, at a rate of RMB 15,000 to 20,000 per standard parking space.
Motor vehicle parking facilities (garages) applying for construction subsidies shall be subsidized based on the number of standard parking spaces, with a minimum of 20 standard spaces and an operational lifespan of no less than 10 years.
For permanent motor vehicle parking facilities (garages) constructed on land designated in urban planning for public parking and operated open to the public, a one-time subsidy shall be provided as follows: RMB 30,000 per standard parking space for underground garages, RMB 20,000 per standard parking space for above-ground multi‑level parking structures, and RMB 10,000 per standard parking space for surface parking.
For motor vehicle parking projects constructed on land designated for other uses and opened to the public upon completion, or for improvement‑type motor vehicle parking projects that repurpose idle vacant lots, the specific subsidy rates are as follows: underground garages receive a one‑time subsidy of RMB 20,000 per standard parking space; aboveground multi‑level parking facilities receive a one‑time subsidy of RMB 15,000 per standard parking space; and surface parking receives a one‑time subsidy of RMB 7,000 per standard parking space.
Wuhan
Encourage the construction of multi‑storey parking garages, with government‑subsidized or waived fees.
To encourage the construction of parking facilities that exceed standard requirements in new projects, it is stipulated that if a project provides parking spaces meeting or exceeding the minimum standards set forth in the “Technical Regulations for Planning and Management of Construction Projects in Wuhan,” such parking facilities shall not be counted toward the project’s floor area ratio. Additionally, for each additional parking space built beyond the required quota, an exemption of RMB 8,000 from the urban infrastructure配套 fee will be granted.
In several bustling commercial districts of Wuhan, dedicated land parcels have been allocated to attract investors to build multi‑storey parking garages, with incentives such as parking‑space subsidies or land‑exchange concessions offered to these investors.
For public parking facilities constructed through tendering, auction, listing, or negotiated transfer—provided they do not qualify for commercial development policies—the subsidy and reward shall, in principle, not exceed 25% of the total construction and installation costs. The funding for such subsidies and rewards shall be shared equally, with each of the municipal and district-level finances bearing 50%.
1. Underground parking facilities: For independently constructed underground public parking garages, a subsidy of RMB 22,000 per parking space is provided. For attached underground multi‑level mechanical public parking facilities, a subsidy of RMB 20,000 per parking space is provided.
2. Above-ground multi-level parking facilities: A subsidy of RMB 14,000 per parking space is provided for parking garages. For lift-and‑slide mechanical parking systems, the subsidy is RMB 5,500 per space; for vertical‑lift mechanical parking systems, the subsidy is RMB 8,700 per space.
3. Ground-level parking lots: For facilities not attached to any construction project, a subsidy of RMB 500 per parking space will be provided for those in use for more than two years.
4. For temporary parking lots with a capacity of 100 or more spaces, a subsidy of RMB 150 per space will be provided after the facility has been in operation for at least six months.
5. Subsidies for other parking facilities. Units and residential communities are encouraged to construct new, publicly accessible multi‑level parking facilities on their own land; upon completion of the requisite procedures, a subsidy of RMB 5,500 per parking space will be provided.
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