[Local Parking Policies] Jinhua, Zhejiang: “Administrative Measures for the Planning and Construction of Motor Vehicle Parking Facilities in Jinhua Urban Area”

China Urban Parking Policy Development Report 2018》 A total of nationwide… was collected. More than 260 parking policy documents have been issued by 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions—covering over 130 cities. Due to space constraints, only the full texts of policies deemed particularly representative have been compiled into this volume for the reference of readers. To facilitate consultation, the documents have been broadly categorized into ten groups: comprehensive policies, parking management, incentives for private investment, on‑street parking management, residential communities, mechanical parking systems, smart and information‑based solutions, fee‑collection management, approval and filing procedures, and other matters.

 

Zhejiang - Jinhua - Measures for the Planning and Construction Management of Motor Vehicle Parking Lots in the Urban Area of Jinhua

(Jin Zheng Ban Fa [ No. 77 of 2016)

 

Chapter One General Provisions

 

Article 1 In order to standardize the planning, construction, and management of motor vehicle parking facilities in the urban area of Jinhua, improve the city’s parking environment, and promote urban transportation development, this Measures is hereby formulated in accordance with the Road Traffic Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Regulations on the Administration of Urban Roads, the Measures of Zhejiang Province for the Implementation of the Road Traffic Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China, and other relevant laws and regulations, taking into account the actual conditions of Jinhua’s urban area.

 

Article 2 This Measures shall apply to all activities related to the planning, construction, management, and operation of parking facilities within the Second Ring Road of Jinhua’s urban area, inclusive of the Second Ring Road itself.

 

Article 3 For the purposes of these Measures, “parking lot” refers to both open-air and indoor facilities designated for the parking of motor vehicles, including public parking lots, dedicated parking lots, and temporary on‑street parking spaces.

 

A public parking lot refers to a facility that provides parking services for vehicles belonging to the general public, including stand-alone public parking lots and public parking facilities provided as part of construction projects.

 

A dedicated parking lot refers to a facility that provides parking services for vehicles belonging to the entity or residential community, including dedicated parking lots provided as part of construction projects and parking spaces marked on common areas within a building complex.

 

Temporary parking spaces on roadways refer to those marked on motor vehicle lanes, non-motorized vehicle lanes, sidewalks, side streets and alleyways, as well as in open areas between the urban road planning red line and the outer edge of buildings.

 

Article 4 The planning, construction, and management of parking facilities in Jinhua’s urban area are carried out in accordance with the principle of “city‑level unified leadership, coordinated efforts by all relevant departments, and specific responsibility assigned to each district.” District governments (management committees) are tasked with formulating annual parking‑facility development plans, securing dedicated funding, and ensuring accelerated progress. Public security, land and resources, construction, urban planning, transportation, market regulation, administrative law enforcement, and civil defense authorities shall, within their respective mandates, undertake related work on parking‑facility planning, construction, and management. The urban management department is responsible for overall coordination, supervision, and performance evaluation. All districts and relevant departments are expected to actively employ administrative measures and economic incentives to strengthen parking‑facility planning and development, standardize the operation and management of parking facilities, and promote orderly parking of motor vehicles.

 

Article 5 To accommodate the rapid growth in vehicle ownership, and in accordance with the principles of “combining traffic management with congestion relief, tapping untapped potential, and encouraging private-sector investment,” priority will be given to constructing a number of new public and dedicated parking facilities, upgrading aging parking lots, expanding multi‑level parking structures, and repurposing idle land parcels for temporary parking, thereby alleviating the imbalance between parking supply and demand in urban areas.

 

Article 6 Parking facilities in Jinhua’s urban area should be managed through tiered and categorized systems, tailored to different zones and locations. Throughout the planning, construction, and management of parking facilities, vigorous efforts should be made to advance information technology integration, thereby effectively enhancing the level of evidence-based management.

 

Chapter Two Parking Lot Planning and Construction

 

Article 7 Parking facilities shall adhere to the principles of “government leadership, integrated planning, effective management, and public convenience,” and be planned and constructed in accordance with the city’s master plan, the special parking‑lot plan, and the requirements for balancing road traffic supply and demand. For the development of large‑scale parking facilities, a traffic impact assessment must be conducted in advance.

 

Article 8 During the preparation of a city‑wide special plan for parking facilities, planning and administrative law enforcement authorities should adhere to the principle of “differentiated provision of parking facilities and demand‑side management,” formulate an overarching urban parking development strategy, and ensure seamless integration between the parking infrastructure system and urban transportation hubs, public transit transfer stations, and other related facilities.

 

Article 9 For newly constructed, expanded, or renovated construction projects, parking facilities shall be provided in accordance with the parking‑space allocation standards applicable to new construction. Where a building’s use is legally changed, parking facilities shall be provided or additional parking spaces shall be added in compliance with the standards applicable to the new use, and such arrangements must be submitted to the planning authority for approval.

 

Article 10 In areas where parking facilities are inadequately developed, the district governments (management committees) shall rationally plan and designate appropriate land for public parking. Where parking facility development and construction are involved, the following provisions shall apply:

 

(1) Subject to compliance with planning requirements, public parking facilities may be constructed in underground spaces such as plazas, school playgrounds, parks, green spaces, and civil defense facilities.  

 

(2) For projects that repurpose or expand existing parking facilities into mechanical multi‑level parking structures, appropriate policy support may be provided, provided they comply with relevant planning, fire safety, and other applicable regulations.

 

Article 11 Land for the construction of public parking facilities may be allocated, granted through transfer, or leased.

 

Public parking facilities constructed separately on the surface, aboveground, or underground with approval shall not have their parking spaces sold or diverted for other uses.

 

Article 12 In areas where the imbalance between parking supply and demand is particularly acute, relevant entities or individuals may designate temporary parking facilities on clearly titled idle land or open‑space sites; such operators shall, in accordance with the law, complete the requisite administrative procedures.

 

Article 13 The project developer shall construct parking facilities in accordance with the relevant parking‑lot standards and design specifications, thereby creating favorable conditions for the widespread adoption of new‑energy vehicles.

 

Public parking facilities shall be equipped with access control, surveillance, parking metering (and payment) systems, and parking space management equipment. Parking information shall be integrated into the city’s traffic management information system, including parking guidance services.

 

Article 14 Adhering to a model that combines government investment with social investment, and in accordance with the principle of “who invests, who manages, who benefits,” we will encourage private capital to invest in the construction, renovation, and expansion of public parking facilities, and actively promote the adoption of multi‑level above‑ground and underground parking systems. For publicly accessible, multi‑level parking facilities developed through private investment, governments at all levels will provide policy support in planning, construction, management, and operations.

 

Encourage owners of dedicated parking facilities to upgrade and renovate their existing infrastructure, increase the number of parking spaces, and help alleviate the imbalance between parking supply and demand.

 

Article 15 The designation of on‑street parking spaces on expressways, primary and secondary arterial roads, and collector streets shall comply with the area‑specific regulations governing on‑street parking, taking into account parking demand, traffic conditions, and road capacity. Without impeding pedestrian or vehicular flow, the urban management authority, in coordination with departments responsible for construction, administrative law enforcement, and traffic police, shall, in accordance with the law, designate or remove temporary on‑street parking spaces.

 

On expressways, parking spaces are prohibited on both sides of the motor vehicle lanes (except at bus stops), while a limited number of temporary parking spaces may be designated on the non-motorized‑vehicle lanes and sidewalks outside the roadway, subject to applicable conditions.

 

On arterial roads, parking spaces should not be provided on either side of the motor vehicle lanes (except at bus stops and taxi stands). Where conditions permit, a limited number of temporary parking spaces may be designated on the off‑road non‑motorized vehicle lanes and sidewalks.

 

On secondary arterial roads, a limited number of temporary parking spaces may be designated on motor vehicle lanes or non-motorized vehicle lanes, provided that traffic flow is not impeded; likewise, sidewalks may accommodate a limited number of temporary parking spaces where conditions permit.

 

On branch roads, provided that traffic flow is maintained, temporary parking spaces should be designated on one or both sides of the roadway and on the sidewalks to regulate parking秩序.

 

Article 16: Governments at all levels shall coordinate the establishment of an urban parking information management platform and ensure the effective collection, integration, and oversight of parking data.

 

Chapter Three Parking Management and Operations

 

Article 17 The traffic police department provides urban traffic guidance services through the traffic management command information system, issuing real-time updates on road conditions throughout the city and directing motor vehicles to park in an orderly manner. Meanwhile, the urban management authorities coordinate the collection of parking‑lot information and assist the traffic police in disseminating up-to-date parking‑lot availability.

 

Article 18 Public security organs shall intensify enforcement against unauthorized occupation of urban roads and facilities for the purpose of charging parking fees. Traffic police and administrative law enforcement agencies shall step up enforcement actions targeting illegal parking on urban roads, as well as the unauthorized appropriation or damage of parking facilities, strengthen law enforcement and management in key road segments and priority areas, enhance routine patrols and control measures, and ensure orderly parking practices.

 

Article 19 The day-to-day operation and maintenance of public parking lots and dedicated parking facilities shall be the responsibility of their owners or of the parking service management entity entrusted by the owners.

 

Temporary on‑street parking spaces shall have their operating rights granted through a government‑wide, unified tender process, with daily operations, maintenance, and management entrusted to legally qualified parking service operators.

 

On urban sidewalks, any parking spaces designated for on‑street parking must undergo the required administrative approval procedures in accordance with the law and pay the prescribed temporary on‑street parking fees. Such parking spaces may be used solely by the applying entity and may not be operated for a fee or repurposed.

 

Parking spaces marked in backstreets and alleyways shall be designated in accordance with… In accordance with the principle of integrating responsibility, authority, and benefit, management is entrusted to the local subdistrict and community authorities, who are tasked with strengthening routine oversight and performance evaluation to ensure that administrative functions are devolved to the grassroots level.

 

Article 20 Where a parking lot provides parking services to the public and charges fees, its owner or the parking service management entity entrusted by the owner shall, in accordance with the law, obtain business and tax registration.

 

Prior to the commissioning of a parking facility, its owner or the parking service management entity entrusted by the owner shall apply to the local urban management authority for filing and registration, submit the requisite documentation, and make necessary improvements in accordance with the authority’s recommendations. Parking facilities that do not meet the conditions for filing and registration may not be put into operation without authorization.

 

Article 21 No public or dedicated parking facilities that are already in operation may be arbitrarily discontinued or repurposed by any entity or individual. If it is indeed necessary to cease operation or to change the intended use in accordance with the law, the owner or the parking service management entity entrusted by the owner shall, at least 15 days in advance, submit an application to the local urban management authority for cancellation of the registration.

 

Article 22 The owner of the parking facility or the parking service management entity entrusted by the owner shall perform the following duties:

 

(1) Responsible for paving and maintaining the roads within the parking lot, as well as installing electronic guidance displays in accordance with applicable regulations;

 

(2) Parking information from parking lots shall be integrated into the urban parking information management system.

 

(3) Possesses a comprehensive system for facility maintenance and management, as well as operational management, to ensure a clean, orderly, and well‑maintained parking environment.

 

(4) Charging personnel shall wear prescribed uniforms, provide courteous service, conduct business with integrity, and use the charging system correctly. When collecting parking fees, they must issue parking fee receipts uniformly supervised by the tax authorities.

 

Article 23 The use of public parking facilities shall adhere to the “first come, first served” principle; no specific units or individuals may be granted exclusive, fixed‑term access in any form. Parking facility management entities shall not engage in any of the following practices:

 

(1) Seize the documents or property of the person parking the motor vehicle;

 

(2) Altering, transferring, forging, or using altered, transferred, or forged parking lot operating licenses and receipts;

 

(3) Failing to store and transmit parking information in accordance with the relevant regulations;

 

(4) Refusing to provide motor vehicle parking services without justifiable reason;

 

(5) Violating regulations by unilaterally raising, or indirectly increasing, the fee standards for motor vehicle parking and storage services;

 

(6) Other acts prohibited by laws and regulations.

 

Article 24 Units, owners’ committees, and property service enterprises are encouraged, subject to compliance with relevant regulations on planning, fire safety, landscaping, and other applicable requirements, to coordinate the development of enclosed property management areas and to designate parking spaces by utilizing common roads or other available sites.

 

Make rational use of parking resources, strive to promote the sharing of parking facilities, and encourage dedicated parking lots, while meeting their own parking needs, to offer parking services to the public through measures such as staggered‑hour parking.

 

The owner of a dedicated parking facility shall, in conjunction with the parking service management entity entrusted by them, formulate vehicle‑parking and fee‑collection management regulations applicable to their own organization and to the property management area, and implement such regulations to ensure proper vehicle parking and fee‑collection management.

 

Article 25 The fire department shall provide guidance to ensure the proper installation of signage designating no‑parking zones along fire access routes.

 

For vehicles parked in violation of fire‑access‑way regulations, the parking service management entity shall issue a warning or order cessation; if the violator fails to comply, the entity shall promptly report the matter to the local fire department and other relevant authorities, which shall take lawful enforcement action.

 

Article 26 Temporary on‑street parking spaces are categorized into four types: on‑site, on‑road paid parking spaces, on‑road free parking spaces, and time‑limited parking spaces.

 

On-street paid parking spaces and free parking spaces shall, while meeting temporary parking needs, strive to maximize parking space turnover. The maximum duration for temporary parking shall be uniformly determined by the municipal urban management authority and publicly announced. Vehicles that occupy on‑street parking spaces for extended periods or beyond the allotted time shall be subject to education and guidance, with owners notified to remove their vehicles within a specified timeframe. If such measures prove ineffective or if the vehicle owner cannot be contacted, the traffic police shall arrange for the vehicle to be towed to a designated parking facility.

 

Article 27 No organization or individual may arbitrarily establish, occupy, or remove on‑street parking spaces, nor may they damage, relocate, or alter the signs, markings, or facilities associated with such spaces.

 

Road parking spaces shall not be established in any of the following circumstances, and any existing ones shall be removed:

 

(1) Where parking spaces significantly impede the passage of pedestrians or vehicles;

 

(2) Those that obstruct fire access routes or the use of accessibility facilities;

 

(3) Where parking facilities around the road can meet parking demand;

 

(4) During road reconstruction, maintenance, or excavation;

 

(5) Other circumstances in which parking is prohibited by laws and regulations.

 

Article 28 Parking fees are levied in accordance with the principle that “urban core areas charge higher rates than peripheral areas, on-street parking is more expensive than off-street parking, surface parking is pricier than underground parking, long-term parking is more costly than short-term parking, and large vehicles incur higher charges than small ones,” thereby encouraging drivers to park outside the core area and away from on‑street temporary parking spaces, effectively managing traffic flow and ensuring smooth road circulation.

 

Article 29 For parking facilities subject to government‑set pricing, parking fees shall be collected in accordance with the prescribed rates, and operations must comply with applicable laws and regulations. Unauthorized setting or raising of prices, alteration of billing methods, failure to display prices as required, and the use of non‑standardized fee receipts are prohibited.

 

Parking facilities subject to market‑determined pricing shall collect parking fees in accordance with the publicly disclosed rates and operate in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. They shall not engage in unauthorized price increases, alter billing methods, fail to display prices as required, or use non‑standardized fee receipts.

 

Chapter Four Legal liability

 

Article 30 In violation of the provisions of Article 20, Paragraph 1 of these Measures, if a parking facility provides parking services to the public and charges fees without obtaining lawful business and tax registration, it shall be investigated and dealt with in accordance with the law by the market regulation and tax authorities.

 

Article 31 Obstructions to fire access routes that impede the passage of fire engines shall be investigated and dealt with in accordance with the Fire Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China and other relevant laws and regulations.

 

Article 32 In violation of the provisions of Article 27, Paragraph 1 of these Measures, any organization or individual that unlawfully establishes, occupies, or removes on‑street parking spaces, or damages, moves, or alters the signs, markings, or facilities thereof, shall be ordered by the local administrative enforcement and public security authorities to make corrections and shall be subject to lawful investigation and penalties.

 

Article 33 In violation of Article 29 of these Measures, operators of commercial parking facilities who fail to comply with government‑set pricing, charge in breach of the requirement for clearly marked prices, or otherwise contravene price regulations shall be investigated and dealt with by the price administration authorities in accordance with the law; those who use unauthorized parking fee receipts shall be investigated and dealt with by the tax authorities in accordance with the law.

 

Article 34 Units or individuals that violate or fail to comply with the provisions of these Measures shall, where their conduct also constitutes a violation of other laws and regulations, be investigated and dealt with by the relevant authorities in accordance with the law.

 

Article 35 Parking lot management entities that operate for profit or provide paid services to the public shall, in accordance with the law, bear corresponding liability for damages or losses to motor vehicles within the parking lot resulting from their failure to fulfill management duties or from violations of applicable regulations. When the vehicle owner submits a claim for compensation to the insurer under whose policy the vehicle is insured, the parking lot management entity shall provide necessary assistance.

 

Article 36 If staff members of administrative organs violate the provisions of these Measures and engage in serious misconduct such as dereliction of duty, abuse of power, or favoritism and corruption, they shall be subject to administrative disciplinary measures imposed by their appointing or supervisory authority in accordance with the relevant management regulations; if their conduct constitutes a crime, the case shall be referred to the judicial authorities for criminal prosecution in accordance with the law.

 

Chapter Five Supplementary Provisions

 

Article 37 For the purposes of these Measures, “each district” refers to Wucheng District, Jindong District, and the Jinhua Development Zone.

 

Article 38 The Jin-Yi New Urban District and the Jinhua Mountain Tourism Economic Zone may implement this by analogy.

 

Article 39 These Measures shall come into force on September 1, 2016.